Closed-chamber printing is recommended. Use solid materials such as ASA, PA6-CF, PA6-GF30, PA12-CF, and PEEK.
IMPORTANT NOTE
Materials and/or specifications for machining from solid using CNC.
Nylon
- Nylon 6 (PA6): 1.13 g/cmΒ³
- Nylon 6 CF (PA6-CF), carbon fiber reinforced: ~1.2-1.3 g/cmΒ³
- Nylon 6 GF15 (PA6-GF15), 15% glass fiber reinforced: ~1.21-1.27 g/cmΒ³
- Nylon 6 GF30 (PA6-GF30), 30% glass fiber reinforced: ~1.35-1.45 g/cmΒ³
- Nylon 12 (PA12): 1.01 g/cmΒ³
- Nylon 12-CF (PA12-CF), carbon fiber reinforced: ~1.0-1.1 g/cmΒ³
- Nylon 46 (PA46): 1.20 g/cmΒ³
- Nylon 66 (PA66): 1.14 g/cmΒ³
Among nylons, Nylon 12 (PA12) has a very low moisture absorption (approximately 0.25-0.3%), ensuring greater dimensional stability even in humid or submerged environments compared to other variants like Nylon 6 and Nylon 66. Additionally, the specific weight of Nylon 12 is lower than seawater, at only 1.010 g/cmΒ³, while seawater has a specific weight ranging between 1.020 and 1.030 g/cmΒ³.
Delrin (POM - Polyoxymethylene)
- Delrin 150: 1.41 g/cmΒ³
- Delrin 100: 1.41 g/cmΒ³ (stiffer than Delrin 150)
- Delrin 527UV: 1.41 g/cmΒ³
- Delrin 570: 1.42 g/cmΒ³ (glass fiber reinforced, structurally stronger)
Teflon (PTFE)
- Teflon G: 1.50 g/cmΒ³ "variable" (15-25% glass fiber reinforced)
- Teflon GF: 1.60 g/cmΒ³ "variable" (20-30% glass fiber and graphite reinforced)
- Teflon C: 1.55 g/cmΒ³ "variable" (25-26% carbon reinforced)
Other Materials
- ASA (Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate): ~1.07 g/cmΒ³
- PEEK (Polyether Ether Ketone): ~1.3-1.32 g/cmΒ³
- Polypropylene (PP) Density: 0.89 - 0.91 g/cmΒ³ (one of the lightest polymers)
Polypropylene (PP) is an excellent choice when lightness and buoyancy are required. It offers a good balance between strength, low weight, and cost-effectiveness. It is commonly used for lightweight, impact-resistant, and chemically inert components, such as containers, automotive parts, and medical devices.
To improve printing quality, it is recommended to use enclosed chambers and specific adhesion surfaces.
It is very lightweight, with a density range of 0.89 - 0.91 g/cmΒ³. It has moderate elasticity and good tensile strength.
Chemical and Physical Properties
- Water absorption: Almost zero (less than 0.03%)
- Wear resistance: Good, ideal for mechanical parts subjected to stress
Common Issues in 3D Printing
- Bed adhesion: Difficult, often requires a PP bed or specific adhesives
- Warping: High, tends to shrink during cooling
- Flexibility: High, making it challenging to print fine details
Esistono diverse varianti di polipropilene, tra cui quelle caricate a fibre, che sono progettate per migliorare determinate proprietΓ meccaniche del materiale. I polipropileni caricati a fibre offrono una maggiore rigiditΓ e resistenza meccanica, sia in trazione che in compressione, ma presentano degli svantaggi, tra cui un aumento del peso (+20-25%) e una riduzione dell'elasticitΓ rispetto alla versione standard.
There are different variants of polypropylene, including fiber-reinforced ones, designed to enhance certain mechanical properties of the material. Fiber-reinforced polypropylenes offer increased rigidity and mechanical strength, both in tension and compression, but have some drawbacks, including an increase in weight (+20-25%) and a reduction in elasticity compared to the standard version.
The two main types of fiber-reinforced polypropylene are:
- PP-CF reinforced with carbon fiber: This type of polypropylene is extremely rigid and strong but is very expensive, making it less accessible for some applications.
- PP-GF reinforced with glass fiber: This variant is also very rigid and strong, though more affordable compared to the CF (carbon fiber-reinforced) version.
However, in my opinion, it may be more advantageous to opt for fiber-reinforced nylon when choosing between these two types of fiber-reinforced polypropylene. Reinforced nylon offers a good balance of rigidity, strength, and cost, making it a versatile and more economical choice for many applications.