You've probably heard of it... In the 21st century, it's impossible to feign ignorance about the existence of this revolutionary technology. Some consider 3D printing to be the beginning of the 4th industrial era...
From aeronautics to medicine, this 3D creation process is everywhere. At conventions, 3D figurines bearing the likenesses of the greatest fantasy stars are breathtakingly realistic... Everyone has heard of 3D printing at least once. But do you really know what it's all about?
A dreamlike origin
In the 1960s, science-fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke imagined a machine capable of copying objects. In 1972, the comic strip Tintin et le lac aux requins (Tintin and the Shark Lake) featured a photocopier that was no match for today's 3D printers.
At the beginning of its history, 3D printing was nothing more than a fantasy... Nobody in the street believed for a second that such an invention would ever see the light of day. Printing has always been 2D, and will remain so. At least, that's what the popular masses of the time firmly believed...
On July 16 1984, Jean-Claude AndrΓ©, Alain le MΓ©hautΓ© and Olivier de Witte, three Frenchmen working for CILAS ALCATEL, filed a patent for additive manufacturing. Fifteen days later, American Chuck Hull protected the concept of stereo lithography.
Where do you think the .stl file extension comes from? It's derived from the acronym SLA (StereoLithography Apparatus), popularized by Chuck Hulls and 3D systems, a leading 3D printer design company. It was this company that produced the first 3D printer, the SLA-250, which went on sale in 1988.
How 3D printing works
Step 1: find the right 3D model
Like all conventional printing, it all starts with the choice of model. Do you want to design a dental prosthesis or reproduce a landscape scene you've seen in a image bank image bank?
Before clicking on the "print" button, you need to clearly define your objective. To find ideas, you have three options:
- Use software like Google SketchUp to draw your own model;
- Digitize an image or use an existing virtual image;
- Use one of the many open-source models available on sites such as Cults3D.
Once this stage has been completed, it's time to start the actual 3D printing.
Step 2: Final fine-tuning
In your hands is the .stl version of that image you've been raving about. Every 3D printer comes with software that lets you preview your future masterpiece. Now's the time to ire it from every angle and make any necessary modifications.
Step 3: Check the settings
If you're happy with the result, connect your 3D printer to your PC and install your spool of material. Carefully feed the 3D filament into the feeder and push it so that it becomes visible in the Bowden tube. Wait until the material is fully seated in the print head.
Step 4: 3D printing
Finally, the big moment... Click on print and twiddle your thumbs while the machine does all the work. In a few minutes or several hours, your 3D creation will be ready.
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