RIBS WITH COSTAL CARTILAGE SEGMENTED

High detailed segmented model.
The rib cage is a bony and cartilaginous structure that forms the chest (thoracic cavity) in humans. It provides protection to vital organs such as the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels and serves as a structure for respiration.

Ribs
Humans typically have 12 pairs of ribs, which are curved, flat bones.
They are classified into three types:
True Ribs (1–7): Directly connected to the sternum via costal cartilage.
False Ribs (8–10): Indirectly connected to the sternum through the cartilage of the rib above.
Floating Ribs (11–12): Not connected to the sternum and end in the abdominal musculature.
Each rib has the following parts:
Head: Articulates with the thoracic vertebrae.
Neck: Connects the head to the body.
Body (Shaft): The curved main part of the rib.
Costal Groove: A groove on the inferior edge that accommodates intercostal nerves and vessels.
Costal Cartilage
The costal cartilage is the hyaline cartilage that connects the anterior ends of the ribs to the sternum.
Characteristics:
Provides flexibility to the rib cage, allowing it to expand and contract during breathing.
Maintains the shape of the rib cage while allowing slight movement.
Varies in length and orientation:
Longer in ribs 1–7 (true ribs) as they directly attach to the sternum.
Shorter and fused in ribs 8–10 (false ribs), connecting indirectly to the sternum.
Degeneration or calcification of costal cartilage is common with aging, reducing flexibility.
Functional Role
Protection: Shields the heart, lungs, and major vessels from physical damage.
Breathing Mechanics: Works with intercostal muscles to facilitate the expansion and contraction of the thoracic cavity.
Structural : Provides attachment points for muscles involved in respiration, movement, and posture.
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